@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Chakra+Petch:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Space+Grotesk:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap");

.page-research-ev {
    --ev-carbon: #101722;
    --ev-carbon-soft: #1a2432;
    --ev-neon: #b8ff5c;
    --ev-neon-soft: #d6ff92;
    --ev-cyan: #39d5ff;
    --ev-amber: #ffab40;
    --ev-ink: #0d1828;
    --ev-shell: rgba(246, 250, 255, 0.9);
    --ev-shell-deep: rgba(227, 236, 247, 0.9);
    --ev-text: #132132;
    --ev-muted: #4a5f78;
    font-family: "Space Grotesk", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
    color: var(--ev-text);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 10% 6%, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.18), transparent 36%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 90% 4%, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.2), transparent 34%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 78% 76%, rgba(255, 171, 64, 0.14), transparent 32%),
        repeating-linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(13, 24, 40, 0.03) 0 2px, transparent 2px 30px),
        linear-gradient(180deg, #edf2f7 0%, #e2e8f1 42%, #d3dce8 100%);
}

.page-research-ev::before {
    content: "";
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 0;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 50% 100%, rgba(16, 23, 34, 0.16), transparent 58%),
        linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 62%, rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08) 100%);
}

.page-research-ev main,
.page-research-ev .navbar,
.page-research-ev .footer {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.page-research-ev .navbar {
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(243, 248, 255, 0.84), rgba(230, 238, 248, 0.84));
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(13, 24, 40, 0.16);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
}

.page-research-ev .logo-mark {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #18263a 0%, #00c2ff 45%, #b8ff5c 100%);
}

.page-research-ev .nav-link {
    color: #16273d;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.page-research-ev .nav-link:hover,
.page-research-ev .nav-link:focus-visible {
    color: #0f5f8f;
}

.page-research-ev .nav-cta {
    border-color: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.18);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #14253a, #2676a6 65%, #45bd83);
}

.page-research-ev .research-detail-hero {
    padding: 1.35rem 0 0.5rem;
}

.page-research-ev .research-back-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.42rem;
    color: #1d3954;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.page-research-ev .research-back-link:hover,
.page-research-ev .research-back-link:focus-visible {
    color: #0d669d;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-grid {
    margin-top: 0.86rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.12fr) minmax(0, 0.88fr);
    gap: clamp(0.9rem, 2.5vw, 1.5rem);
    align-items: stretch;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-copy {
    margin: 0;
    border-radius: 28px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(44, 66, 89, 0.2);
    background: linear-gradient(165deg, rgba(248, 252, 255, 0.96), rgba(225, 236, 248, 0.94));
    box-shadow: 0 24px 42px rgba(16, 24, 40, 0.14);
    padding: clamp(0.95rem, 2.5vw, 1.45rem);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-copy .badge {
    border: 1px solid rgba(22, 74, 109, 0.3);
    background: rgba(16, 23, 34, 0.92);
    color: #eaf7ff;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-size: 0.68rem;
}

.page-research-ev .section-heading,
.page-research-ev .section-heading-focus {
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-copy .section-heading {
    margin: 0.76rem 0 0.58rem;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 5.2vw, 3.7rem);
    line-height: 1.02;
    color: #0e1f33;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-copy .section-desc {
    margin: 0;
    color: #314b67;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.68;
}

.page-research-ev .research-meta-tags {
    margin-top: 0.95rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.44rem;
}

.page-research-ev .research-meta-tags span {
    border: 1px solid rgba(16, 24, 40, 0.14);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
    border-radius: 999px;
    padding: 0.38rem 0.56rem;
    font-size: 0.74rem;
    color: #1f3752;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-panel {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: 28px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(148, 201, 255, 0.2);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 88% 8%, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.16), transparent 40%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 14% 96%, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.18), transparent 38%),
        linear-gradient(160deg, #0f1723 0%, #162236 55%, #101922 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 24px 40px rgba(9, 14, 24, 0.34);
    color: #e4eff9;
    padding: clamp(0.95rem, 2.4vw, 1.2rem);
    overflow: hidden;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.8rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-panel::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: auto -30% -55% auto;
    width: 220px;
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.28), rgba(184, 255, 92, 0));
    pointer-events: none;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-tag {
    margin: 0;
    width: fit-content;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.56rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.34);
    background: rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.14);
    color: #d6ff92;
    font-size: 0.67rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hero-panel h2 {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
    font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.2vw, 1.74rem);
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: #eff6ff;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-copy {
    margin: 0;
    color: #b8c9de;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.58;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-metrics {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.48rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-metrics article {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 0.74rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.18);
    background: rgba(10, 17, 29, 0.64);
    padding: 0.48rem 0.58rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-metrics .metric {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.73rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    color: #9db2ca;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-metrics .value {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    color: #ecf9ff;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-track {
    position: relative;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    border-radius: 0.9rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(113, 159, 198, 0.24);
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(8, 14, 26, 0.94), rgba(9, 16, 28, 0.88));
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 0.66rem;
    min-height: 100px;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-track::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background:
        repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.1) 0 2px, transparent 2px 24px),
        linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.08), rgba(148, 163, 184, 0));
    pointer-events: none;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-road {
    position: absolute;
    left: 6%;
    right: 6%;
    bottom: 16px;
    height: 34px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(23, 37, 55, 0.98), rgba(10, 17, 29, 0.96));
    border: 1px solid rgba(89, 113, 141, 0.46);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-road::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 9%;
    right: 9%;
    top: 50%;
    height: 2px;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(214, 255, 146, 0.92) 0 26px, transparent 26px 52px);
    animation: ev-track-dash 1.2s linear infinite;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-panel-car {
    position: absolute;
    right: 18%;
    bottom: 38px;
    color: #d6ff92;
    font-size: 1.28rem;
    animation: ev-panel-cruise 2.4s ease-in-out infinite;
    text-shadow: 0 0 16px rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.56);
}

.page-research-ev .section {
    padding-block: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.1rem);
}

.page-research-ev .section.bg-light {
    background: transparent;
}

.page-research-ev .research-focus-shell {
    border-radius: 24px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(22, 35, 51, 0.14);
    background: linear-gradient(165deg, var(--ev-shell), var(--ev-shell-deep));
    box-shadow: 0 18px 34px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.11);
}

.page-research-ev .badge {
    border: 1px solid rgba(16, 24, 40, 0.18);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
    color: #1e3c58;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-size: 0.67rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .section-heading-focus {
    color: #13263d;
    font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3vw, 2rem);
}

.page-research-ev .research-copy-muted {
    color: var(--ev-muted);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-shell {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-shell::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: auto -18% -32% auto;
    width: 280px;
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.16), rgba(57, 213, 255, 0));
    pointer-events: none;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-grid {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.72rem;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-card {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    border: 1px solid rgba(17, 36, 56, 0.14);
    border-radius: 0.95rem;
    background:
        linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9), rgba(228, 239, 249, 0.84));
    box-shadow: 0 12px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    padding: 0.76rem 0.78rem;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.46rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-card::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0.74rem;
    right: 0.74rem;
    top: 0;
    height: 3px;
    border-radius: 999px;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-card[data-segment="urban"]::after {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #38bdf8, #22d3ee);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-card[data-segment="family"]::after {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4ade80, #22c55e);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-card[data-segment="performance"]::after {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f59e0b, #f97316);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-tag {
    margin: 0;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.34rem;
    width: fit-content;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(16, 35, 54, 0.17);
    background: rgba(248, 252, 255, 0.82);
    color: #1f4264;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.52rem;
    font-size: 0.66rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-card h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.98rem;
    color: #10283f;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-desc {
    margin: 0;
    color: #48627d;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    line-height: 1.52;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-list {
    margin: 0.16rem 0 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.36rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-list div {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 0.7rem;
    border-top: 1px dashed rgba(32, 56, 82, 0.17);
    padding-top: 0.3rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-list dt {
    margin: 0;
    color: #43607d;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-list dd {
    margin: 0;
    color: #0f2740;
    font-size: 0.74rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-spec-note {
    margin-top: 0.72rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-lab-shell {
    --ev-progress: 64%;
    --ev-hue: 114;
    --ev-speed: 0.8s;
    --ev-bounce: 0px;
    --ev-beam-shift: 0%;
    --ev-tilt-x: 0deg;
    --ev-tilt-y: 0deg;
    --ev-pointer-x: 68%;
    --ev-pointer-y: 42%;
    --ev-score-intensity: 0.7;
    border: 1px solid rgba(157, 212, 255, 0.22);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 84% 6%, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.12), transparent 36%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 4% 98%, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.15), transparent 40%),
        linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(8, 14, 24, 0.98), rgba(14, 23, 38, 0.98));
    box-shadow: 0 26px 44px rgba(7, 11, 20, 0.34);
    color: #e4effa;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-lab-shell .section-heading-focus,
.page-research-ev .ev-lab-shell .ev-lab-intro {
    color: #e7f1ff;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-lab-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 356px) minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
    align-items: stretch;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-lab-controls {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(150, 176, 209, 0.28);
    background: linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(8, 14, 26, 0.96), rgba(17, 27, 41, 0.92));
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(214, 255, 146, 0.08);
    padding: 0.88rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control {
    border-radius: 0.82rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.22);
    background: rgba(12, 20, 33, 0.72);
    padding: 0.65rem 0.72rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control-top label {
    color: #dde8f8;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control-top output {
    color: #d6ff92;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control-note {
    color: #99acc2;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control input[type="range"] {
    appearance: none;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: 0.48rem;
    height: 6px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.58), rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.82));
    outline: none;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control input[type="range"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    appearance: none;
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid rgba(7, 11, 20, 0.7);
    background: #f8feff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.28);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-control input[type="range"]::-moz-range-thumb {
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid rgba(7, 11, 20, 0.7);
    background: #f8feff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.28);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-preset-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-preset {
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.34);
    background: rgba(10, 17, 29, 0.84);
    color: #b8d4ef;
    padding: 0.38rem 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-preset:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    color: #eaf7ff;
    border-color: rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.54);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-preset.is-active {
    color: #09111d;
    border-color: transparent;
    background: linear-gradient(120deg, #39d5ff, #b8ff5c);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 18px rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.26);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-live-figure {
    margin: 0;
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.68rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-stage {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 360px;
    border-radius: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(142, 188, 236, 0.26);
    overflow: hidden;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at var(--ev-pointer-x) var(--ev-pointer-y), rgba(57, 213, 255, calc(0.14 + (var(--ev-score-intensity) * 0.17))), transparent 45%),
        linear-gradient(180deg, #0a1423 0%, #101c2c 66%, #182334 100%);
    box-shadow:
        inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.08),
        inset 0 -26px 50px rgba(5, 10, 20, 0.86),
        0 20px 30px rgba(3, 6, 12, 0.5);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-stage-grid {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 44% 0 16% 0;
    background:
        repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(140, 169, 199, 0.22) 0 1px, transparent 1px 22px),
        repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(140, 169, 199, 0.2) 0 1px, transparent 1px 26px);
    transform: perspective(480px) rotateX(68deg) translateY(78%);
    opacity: 0.4;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-stage-radar {
    position: absolute;
    top: 12px;
    right: 16px;
    width: 90px;
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.32);
    box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.08);
    overflow: hidden;
    opacity: 0.76;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-stage-radar::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 8%;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px dashed rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.34);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-stage-radar::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: conic-gradient(from 10deg, transparent 0deg 250deg, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.4) 320deg 360deg);
    animation: ev-radar-sweep 3.4s linear infinite;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-orb-a {
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.52), transparent 65%);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-orb-b {
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.48), transparent 65%);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-charge-beam {
    opacity: 0.74;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0%, rgba(57, 213, 255, 0.26) 36%, rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.32) 58%, transparent 100%);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-road {
    height: 35%;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(13, 24, 40, 0.55), rgba(8, 12, 21, 0.98));
}

.page-research-ev .ev-road-lines {
    bottom: 17%;
    height: 4px;
    background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(214, 255, 146, 0.95) 0 48px, transparent 48px 90px);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-car {
    filter: drop-shadow(0 18px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.48));
}

.page-research-ev .ev-car-chassis {
    fill: hsl(var(--ev-hue), 80%, 54%);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-car-cabin {
    fill: hsl(var(--ev-hue), 74%, 46%);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-window {
    fill: rgba(232, 246, 255, 0.84);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-wheel-rim {
    fill: #d7e5f6;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-stage-hud {
    top: auto;
    bottom: 12px;
    align-items: stretch;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hud-card {
    border: 1px solid rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.26);
    background: rgba(8, 15, 27, 0.72);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hud-label {
    color: #8ea7c2;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-hud-value {
    color: #eef6ff;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-impact-grid {
    margin-top: 0.86rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.62rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-impact-card {
    border: 1px solid rgba(120, 153, 188, 0.25);
    background: rgba(8, 14, 24, 0.62);
    border-radius: 0.88rem;
    padding: 0.72rem 0.78rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-impact-label {
    color: #d7e5f7;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-impact-track {
    background: rgba(47, 64, 84, 0.92);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-impact-fill {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #39d5ff, #b8ff5c);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-impact-value {
    color: #d6ff92;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
}

.page-research-ev .research-figure-caption {
    border: 1px solid rgba(152, 176, 203, 0.24);
    background: rgba(8, 14, 24, 0.64);
    color: #c5d5e8;
}

.page-research-ev .research-kpi-strip .research-kpi {
    border: 1px solid rgba(18, 35, 54, 0.13);
    border-radius: 0.9rem;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.74);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.page-research-ev .research-kpi .kpi-label {
    color: #395370;
}

.page-research-ev .research-kpi .kpi-value {
    color: #0f2942;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-kpi-note {
    color: #4d627a;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-industry-figure {
    border-radius: 0.95rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(16, 35, 54, 0.12);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.09);
    padding: 0.82rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-industry-title {
    color: #13263c;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-bar-track {
    background: rgba(210, 223, 238, 0.74);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-bar-fill {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #2ecbff, #7dffb7);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-technical-card,
.page-research-ev .ev-translation-card {
    border-radius: 0.86rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(18, 35, 54, 0.12);
    background: linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.91), rgba(228, 239, 250, 0.86));
    box-shadow: 0 10px 16px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.07);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-technical-label {
    color: #446180;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-technical-value,
.page-research-ev .ev-translation-card h3 {
    color: #11263d;
    font-family: "Chakra Petch", "Space Grotesk", sans-serif;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-technical-note,
.page-research-ev .ev-translation-card p {
    color: #435e7b;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-source-ledger {
    border: 1px solid rgba(21, 43, 64, 0.2);
    border-radius: 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(150deg, rgba(250, 253, 255, 0.94), rgba(228, 239, 249, 0.9));
    box-shadow: 0 12px 22px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.page-research-ev .ev-source-ledger h3 {
    color: #11314b;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-source-ledger a {
    color: #075985;
}

.page-research-ev .dual-figure-grid .research-figure-stage {
    border-radius: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(18, 35, 54, 0.14);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.page-research-ev .dual-figure-grid img {
    border-radius: 0.74rem;
}

.page-research-ev .ev-context-image {
    width: 100%;
    max-height: 360px;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
}

.page-research-ev .btn-outline.large {
    color: #102944;
    border-color: rgba(16, 41, 68, 0.36);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

.page-research-ev .btn-outline.large:hover,
.page-research-ev .btn-outline.large:focus-visible {
    color: #061325;
    background: rgba(184, 255, 92, 0.42);
}

@keyframes ev-track-dash {
    from {
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
    to {
        transform: translateX(52px);
    }
}

@keyframes ev-panel-cruise {
    0%,
    100% {
        transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
    }
    50% {
        transform: translate3d(8px, -2px, 0);
    }
}

@keyframes ev-radar-sweep {
    from {
        transform: rotate(0deg);
    }
    to {
        transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
    .page-research-ev .ev-hero-grid,
    .page-research-ev .ev-lab-grid,
    .page-research-ev .ev-spec-grid,
    .page-research-ev .ev-industry-figure-grid,
    .page-research-ev .ev-translation-grid,
    .page-research-ev .ev-technical-grid,
    .page-research-ev .dual-figure-grid {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    }

    .page-research-ev .ev-live-figure {
        order: -1;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
    .page-research-ev .research-meta-tags {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    }

    .page-research-ev .ev-preset-row {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    }

    .page-research-ev .ev-impact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    }

    .page-research-ev .ev-stage {
        min-height: 314px;
    }

    .page-research-ev .ev-stage-radar {
        width: 74px;
    }

    .page-research-ev .ev-context-image {
        max-height: 240px;
    }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .page-research-ev .ev-panel-road::after,
    .page-research-ev .ev-panel-car,
    .page-research-ev .ev-stage-radar::after {
        animation: none !important;
    }
}